When examining the stanzas of ਸੁਣਿਐ in Japuji Sahib, Santokh Singh explains how within these verses a literary device called *tulyayogitā*, of equal joining, is used. "ਇਹਾਂ ਸ਼੍ਰਵਣ ਕੋ ਮਹਾਤਮ ਕੋ ਪ੍ਰਸਤੁਤ, ਤਿਸ ਪ੍ਰਸਤੁਤ ਹੀ ਮੈਂ ਸਿਧ, ਪੀਰ, ਸੁਰ, ਨਾਥ, ਧਰਤਿ, ਧਵਲ, ਅਕਾਸ਼ ਆਦਿ ਸ੍ਰੇਸ਼ਟਤਾ ਧਰਮ ਏਕ ਕਰਿ ਕਹ੍ਯੋ, ਯਾਂਤੇ ਪਹਿਲੀ ਤੁਲ੍ਯਯੋਗਤਾ . " “Here, in the praise of the importance of _śravaṇ_ (listening to the Name), within that very praise the siddhas, pīrs, gods, nāths, earth, the cosmic bull, the heavens and so on are declared as possessing the same exalted nature (as someone who listens to the Name). This is therefore an example of the _first kind of tulyayogitā_.” Santokh Singh defines this literary device as: ਪ੍ਰਸਤੁਤ ਮਹਿ ਗੁਨ ਕ੍ਰਿਆ ਕਿ ਰੂਪ । ਕਿਧੌਂ ਧਰਮ ਇਕ ਕਹਿ ਕਵਿ ਭੂਪ । ਪਹਿਲੀ ਤੁਲ੍ਯਯੋਗਤਾ ਸੋਈ । ਸੁਮਤਿਵਾਨ ਲਖਿ ਹੈ ਸਭ ਕੋਈ । Regarding the tulyayogitā of praise: whether of a quality, action, or form or when their nature (dharam) is declared as equivalent, Kings of poetry call this the first kind of _tulyayogitā_; any wise person recognizes it. Below are excerpts from Edwin Gerow's 'A Glossary of Indian Figures of Speech' (1971). ![[Pasted image 20250910220344.png]] ![[Pasted image 20250910220400.png]]